graham
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Post by graham on Aug 23, 2013 5:03:57 GMT 1
If God doesn't exist, I am wondering where the concept of God developed in human beings. If we are just a species on this planet, I wonder what biological function the belief in a supreme creator being served in our evolutionary history. Surely science and rationality have offered more biological rewards than the belief in a God or Gods. I wonder, therefore, why the concept of God still pervades so much today. I have not looked this up, but I am almost certain that more people in the world believe in God or Gods in the world today than do not. Interestingly, the Buddha never directly refuted the notion of Gods. In fact, he referenced them often. It seems that nearly every society in our history has held a concept of some supreme being, although this concept has evolved considerably into society's current monotheistic viewpoint. Only in East Asia has atheism been the majority in world history, with China being the largest representative of that region. I wonder what their evolutionary development demonstrates about the truth of atheism compared with that of theistic regions of the world, such as Europe and the Middle East. Has their been a difference in development within these regions, and does that offer any proof as to which is right? I wonder if one thousand years from now, the concept of God will have become extinct, banished to the land of the Flat Earth, Geocentric Universe, witch trials or sacrificial practice... things which only primitive, ignorant cultures believed.
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gary
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Post by gary on Aug 23, 2013 7:25:27 GMT 1
I think it boils down to reification. We humans are conceptual, we use concepts to think and to express our thoughts. However as the 'ultimate' is non-conceptual, pregnant with all possibilities, we can't actually comprehend this unless we reify it. And that (in the West) is generally where the notion of a creator God comes from. That's just my opinion of course.
Matthieu Ricard gives a very interesting refutation (from a Buddhist point of view) of the notion of a creator god in the book 'The Philosopher and The Monk.' I think Hinduism has it closer with the creator, the preserver and the destroyer. That ties in with impermanence a lot easier. Anyway, isn't it the kind of metaphysical questions the Buddha didn't really pay much attention to?
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shaun
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Post by shaun on Aug 23, 2013 10:28:40 GMT 1
Hi graham, let me first say that I'm not an atheist, I'm an agnostic. You're correct in saying that the Buddha neither denied or acknowledged the existence of God. There may be some truth, when you say that it's a concept that seems to weaken over time. Not all that long ago in history people relied heavily on agriculture for their livelihood. As anyone involved in farming, fishing or raising livestock will tell you, it's a job that you rely heavily on favourable conditions. However sometimes conditions aren't so favourable & disease or hailstorms or bush fires or floods can cause certain crops to fail. Humans being humans have to have a reason/ thing to praise/blame when crops either flourish or fail & God seems at the time like a fair enough call. Remember that most of these people weren't so educated. It's not all that long ago either, my own father never went to high school. It was a time in history where choice was limited, if your father was a farmer, fisherman, brick-layer so you were expected to be as well, if you were born a woman you'd marry into either the same or similar class of people as your father & brothers. Usually the only educated people in town were the doctor, school-teacher & the priest. To get on well with your neighbours, it was best not to rock the boat too much, especially with the well educated people. In Australia this started to change in the 1960's, however in some small rural pockets it still goes on to a certain extent.
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Post by samuel on Aug 23, 2013 13:50:48 GMT 1
God? Man has since time immemorial learned that there is a greater force to have created life. Later on they even realized that there is another dimension of spirits - both good and evil. Then they thought they understood the manifestations of ghosts. And then they are so afraid of dying, they forced themselves to believe there is life after death. Some opine they never asked to be born and if they did, it was in another form so why be sent to a suffering world. They then think there must be a greater purpose and that life is not accidental nor in vain. All sorts.
For scientists, they study the smaller objects and the bigger ones. The more they study and understand, the more marveled they are. The engineering is just too mind-boggling and perfect - yet it's not perfect which means uniqueness. No 2 person are the same and we are all wholly individuals.They study bio-engineering and look into cells and viruses and all that right down to atoms and quarks and what else.
And then they study space and the Universe and realized just how insignificant we are. (I was about to start a thread on this subject - about space).So they realized that there must be a very great force to keep this greatness moving and we are not even a speck in its entirety.So as a matter of fact, their belief in there is a God get even stronger - born out of realization and observation.
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dan
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Posts: 89
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Post by dan on Aug 23, 2013 21:06:32 GMT 1
The concept of God--or, more properly, GOD--was developed and patented by a programming engineer in a previous earthly civilization. The Genesis Operating Driver, was designed and set up at that time as a means to regenerate the planet's ever-dwindling species and their habitat, which had all, over the centuries, been decimated by the lust for wealth and power.
This digital program employed the braiding of genetics, holographics and nanotechnology, and was meant to restore the planet to its former equilibrium.
Without going into too much detail, the safety parameters set by the programming engineer were, due to the nature of the program’s benevolent goal, ignored by the device and, once set in motion, could neither be regulated nor stopped. Unbeknownst to its designer, the algorithms he'd set could only be adhered to if it included, first and foremost, total annihilation of the very race of beings who'd caused the need for such a device.
So now we live in a simulated, digitized, holographic universe in which Absolutely Everything is stamped with the imprint of God.
This has been channeled through the one known as Kilgore Trout, may he rest in past fiction.
I'm just playing, of course. Thank you for patience.
But seriously, genesis is something like God. I'm not speaking, exactly, in terms of the creation of the universe. It's karma that does that, it's lovingkindness and compassion that makes it possible that our karma has space and this "flat" earth as karma perpetuates itself, rather than this illusory self twitching around like a worm wriggling everlastingly in a bean in the fires of hell. It's genesis in the sense of generosity, giving, everpresent and generating giving anew, which goes against the grain of that karmic grasping after self. It’s the giving of safety, as illustrated by those photos Gary posted recently.
I would have to think that the illusory self, self-discovered, "created" God, as a higher, unbiased yet loving concept that more purely reflected something recognized as nature's inherent goodness, but which did not contain that human self-grasping nature which caused so much ill-will and devastation.
Of course, when humans wield "God" as a weapon, there is no understanding and no concept of lovingkindness and compassion, no good present, and so the concept of generating goodness, the very human concept of God is cut off.
Might mention that "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God," pretty much points out that it's a concept not to be humanly conceived of. But that was, as they say, just the beginning.
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Post by Rudy on Aug 23, 2013 21:25:40 GMT 1
I would guess that the notion of a supreme being as a creator of the universe is as old as the question about the origin of the universe itself.
So how did the universe with all its immense complexity start? Did it grow out of nothing at all? That seems silly, or maybe not when you listen to the latest theries in astrophysics... Did something supernatural create it? In a world without advanced science, that's not at all a stupid suggestion. In a world with advanced science, it is still a reasonable answer when you compare it to the latest theories... The Buddhist answer of the universe going in cycles of birth, growth and destruction, with as main engine the power of the collective karma of sentient beings is not quite an obvious answer when I think of it. It certainly sounds like a crazy answer to many scientists who may not believe in karma at all, so seeing it as a major driving force in the creation of a universe would really be considered very far stretched.
So the notion of a supreme being creating everything is at least easy to understand for everyone - I would think easier then any of the above other options... Whichever the correct answer is to the question, I think it is likely well beyond our capacity to prove and perhaps even comprehend as unenlightened beings.
By the way, the Buddha spoke of devas and other supernatural beings which may be translated into English as gods, but as far as I know, never about the creator-God as is central in the Judeo-Christian-Muslim tradition.
Philosophically interesting may be that (in the Mahayana tradition) there is much talk of Pure Lands: which are a kind of realms that are created by a Buddha, and people pray to be reborn in such realms, like Amitabha's Pure Land. On a small scale, this is a bit similar to the idea of a creator-God...
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brian
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Posts: 83
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Post by brian on Aug 24, 2013 4:09:14 GMT 1
I agree with shaun the belief in God started from primitive, agricultural societies. The big question is why is it still so prevalent in a post-industrial world of advanced scientific understanding.
On one hand the belief in God truly is a positive force. It gives people great hope and confidence. It brings people together. Psychologically speaking, a belief in a Higher Power has the potential to bring about a wonderful sense of awe, inspiration and gratitude.
On the flip side, I think problems come when God is taken too literally. It becomes a "known fact" when in reality, it IS a total mystery. The belief system becomes dogmatic and laden with too many extensive rules and moral superiority. The God concept easily feeds the ego in self righteousness. Another major problem is that it stops further investigation into reality. When one "already knows the answers" then the search for further knowledge stops. So anything contradicting their belief that god created the universe and humans for instance, will automatically be fervently opposed. Many will say that evolution is "only a flimsy theory". They will ridicule true scientific achievement and extensive research into the matter while readily clinging to pseudoscientific claims such as Intelligent Design or Creationism (which in reality is pure speculation with zero evidence).
I truly believe God is a man made concept. But when I say God, I mean in the anthropomorphic sense. To say God is a bearded man in the sky judging our thoughts and deeds as is proposed in monotheistic religions seem quite absurd and way too simplistic. Yet I have always been open to the idea of a force or higher power that is IMPERSONAL but conscious,(much like Mother Nature or as represented in the Tao). Light and Dark, Life and Death, Heat and Cold, Yin and Yang as the unity of polar opposites. It doesn't judge, as a Buddha doesn't. It doesn't work supernaturally but within the laws of nature and physics. It is like gravity, or electromagnetism. It just is.
I actually find this way of perceiving "God" or a higher Power to be less prone to all the pitfalls of an All-Knowing father figure. It is neutral, not preferential. It is still just as awe-inspiring and worthy of praise and reverence, but free from all the attachment, aversion and delusion that goes with the conceptualization of a traditional God being human-like and full of emotion. To think that "God" has emotions such as anger, or jealousy, or forgiveness or even love is simply just a projection of human qualities.
If any God was prone and susceptible to the same petty and beautiful emotions as we are on this planet, whether good or ill, then what really qualifies Him to be transcendent or even any better than us? He would just be like a celestial dictator or monarch rather than an Enlightened Mind which is equananimous and detached like an awakened Buddha.
So when certain scriptures say that God was angry at such and such and smote them , or he favored so and so, or he tested Job, or sent his only son to die for our sins, God seems to be way too human. How could God have such feelings for individuals?
Here is an analogy: That would be like a man watching an anthill and picking and choosing which ants he would love and favor for worshipping him and then stepping on all the particular ants he felt have denied him respect. We'd call that man a lunatic. lol So if certain people believe their God acts and behaves like this lunatic, (as is described in certain ancient texts) it is only logical to see how overzealous religious beliefs could lead to this similar kind of lunacy.
But I do believe this is the extreme form of fundamentalism rather than the average norm for Abrahamic religions. Peace and Wisdom to all.
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Post by samuel on Aug 25, 2013 5:30:01 GMT 1
People are basically afraid. Some are still afraid of the dark, some of their shadows and some of their conscience. At the same time, they have so much questions that remain unanswered. As far as Abrahamic religions are concerned, they had to put a "Year Zero" into their existence so they traced themselves to Adam and Eve - the first humans. Darwin believed otherwise and that we evolved from apes to become Homo-Erastus and finally homo-sapiens. I believe some humans actually have Neanderthal genes as somewhere upstream their gene pool got contaminated.
Not too long ago, people believed that when it rained it was because heaven was washing its floors. Buddhism doesn't deal with God. It deals with living this life right and not get into the mysteries of where life began and the subject of the one big force. Taoism does though. And so does Hinduism. Humanity also believe in the dark force. Over time, they began to accept the spirit world. When they compare a corpse to a live being, they understand that only the life force makes a difference.
When they see disease, famines and pestilence they realized that many things are beyond their control. The see the weather and rising and setting of the sun and realized that some great force is in control of that. So the concept of God slowly came about. But that got divided too into various branches but ultimately to one "tree" which is God. And talking about life forms, to the virus, the bacteria is one big world. To the bacteria the mammal's body is one big galaxy. And still the body is hardly a speck in this planet. And for a human, the Universe consists of countless galaxies and planetary systems. Who made it all happen? Easy answer is the master of it all - God.
But to Buddha, his message seems to be - that we deal with our immediate task and that's to pass the passage of life the best that we can so that we don't have a worse passage. In fact better still our soul don't get to propel another human body ever again.
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jeff
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Posts: 128
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Post by jeff on Aug 25, 2013 13:33:45 GMT 1
If God doesn't exist, I am wondering where the concept of God developed in human beings. Graham, here's an interesting view... Think about "prolonged lactation" as a contraception technique. In other words, it's true that if a woman is breastfeeding she is less likely to become pregnant. The obvious reason for this is that she is already consumed with the care of her infant child and is not best prepared to become pregnant at that time. When you think about how the societal need (not just pure survival) adapted to a physical reaction on this level it would seem to be an amazing physical effect that evolved without some sort of divine intervention. Sometimes, with all of the complexities of nature and evolution, it's much more believable to posit a creator. Jeff
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brian
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Post by brian on Aug 26, 2013 0:31:55 GMT 1
jeff wrote
When you think about how the societal need (not just pure survival) adapted to a physical reaction on this level it would seem to be an amazing physical effect that evolved without some sort of divine intervention.
Hi jeff, could you possibly reword or clarify what you were trying to say here? It seems like perhaps a somewhat interesting perspective but you really lost me. Something about breastfeeding initially caught my interest lol but after that I was like...WHAAAATTTT???
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Post by samuel on Aug 26, 2013 7:52:51 GMT 1
Breastfeeding does not necessarily delay follow-up conception. As a matter of fact, a woman is highly fertile a couple of months after childbirth. In Asia, there's such a thing as called "confinement" and that often means something like 40 days for a woman to "recuperate" after childbirth. So there is sex, diet is observed and she would not even leave the house. The Malays will then conduct "ikat" which translated means "tie" where they would use traditional garters for the abdominal region. This will help her keep in shape and many have hourglass figures even after 7 kids.
Traditionally, siblings are often a year apart and we used to have families of 10 -15 excluding parents. That was a common sight but of course with the advent of family planning family sizes have become small. But still a Muslim can marry up to 4 wives in my country and if each wife just have 2 kids, that will be 8 and if 3, that will be 12. So you can imagine in those days. We used to have a state ruler with 40 kids.
Most women get pregnant while they are still breastfeeding their babies and with the second one, it would be a matter of allocating which breast for which child. I came from that generation.
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Post by schnoebi on Aug 26, 2013 19:43:01 GMT 1
Gods. Where I am with my thoughts at the moment is that not believing in a god is as illogical as believing in one, or even many. Believing in one can be very useful though.
One needs to remain mindful of the label being used. A God for a chosen people, is probably not that helpful to the unchosen. A vengeful God, well that ones not seem to make sense. A beardy bloke in a cloak? An entity? A consciousness that we all share? Life? I just dont know. A compassionate, personal God that we all share could however be very helpful..
Whilst writing this, it occurred to me that I could be just that i.e a compassionate(ish) God, venerated by billions....
The minority of my cell-citizens contain my DNA. They are self-important and include the high priests, doctors, security scientists and other specialists cells. The rest, making up the 80% majority (including immigrants), do not. (How empty of self is that?) I try and be a benevolent God in their universe, I aim never to interfere and try treat all cells equally. Miracles are happening every day such as manna, not seen anywhere else in the universe, appears in the stomach area magically for all to benefit from. The reason why I never interfere is because, it is not helpful or kind. However much I care for my cell-citizens they will never understand that their universe is sitting on a sofa/couch, (incidentally this is a different kind of god venerated by many other universes too..) typing out some seemingly random words onto a flat screen-thing. They will never get it, and the few that do and try enlighten the others are regularly killed off by those ignorant others. It has happened many times. Not all my cell-citizens are believers though, some are actively working against me...
Sorry I digress with my self importance..
Young people around the age of 5, often appear full of wonder and see wonder everywhere. As we get older and we appear to make sense of our world, we seem to reify our thoughts and experiences. This could give the appearance that the wonder has dwindled. Perhaps we create an artificial wonder, a God, to compensate. Just some random ideas for the pot...
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jeff
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Post by jeff on Aug 26, 2013 20:10:29 GMT 1
jeff wrote When you think about how the societal need (not just pure survival) adapted to a physical reaction on this level it would seem to be an amazing physical effect that evolved without some sort of divine intervention.
Hi jeff, could you possibly reword or clarify what you were trying to say here? It seems like perhaps a somewhat interesting perspective but you really lost me. Something about breastfeeding initially caught my interest lol but after that I was like...WHAAAATTTT??? Well, at least I got your attention What I'm saying is it is very easy, and some might say logical, to believe in God when you look at some of the amazing things that exist. For instance, while a woman is continuously breastfeeding, her body does not make a hormone that is necessary for ovulation — the release of an egg from an ovary. Pregnancy cannot happen if an egg is not released. www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/birth-control/breastfeeding-4219.htmNow, this is true either because of evolution, or because of "something else", like God. It is fairly easy to see how evolution might be responsible for some obvious changes in our bodies over many thousands of years but this is an extremely subtle adaptation and might therefore be ascribed to God. There are many examples of things that are easier to ascribe to God than to evolution. I must have had breasts on my mind when I chose this...
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brian
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Post by brian on Aug 27, 2013 1:25:21 GMT 1
I think the concept of a compassionate personal God can be very inspirational and comforting to the believer. It may cause them to self reflect more and consider forgiveness and kindness in their daily interactions.
Yet when believers INSIST that there is undeniably a God who created the Universe, made man, loves those who have faith in him (and despises the atheists), and all that biblical dogma, then it seems that their belief in God is NOT a helpful thing but a divisive thing. And all kinds of neurosis and delusion manifests from that stubborn belief.
Unfortunately, I think the latter form of belief is more prevalent. Even for those who say they loosely believe in a kind, personal God, you will see them resort to obstinate clinging and attachment to their beliefs when pressured by scientific data that refutes their belief or any other kind of solid, logical analysis.
It is almost like many believers hate knowledge and wisdom. They worship blind ignorance and revere slavish obedience to the dictates of the Church. They just can't transcend. They won't break ranks from the rest of the herd.
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Post by schnoebi on Aug 27, 2013 17:42:52 GMT 1
As Brian said, it is not the compassionate Personal God that is the problem. It is the re-interpretation of that God, usually by minority who take control. Godless organisations are just as vulnerable, such as fascism, maoism, athiesm, communism, buddhism (whoops, sorry not that one). What starts off with a good intention is hijacked and formed into something more akin the opposite that was intended. Islam used to be a very compassionate, enlightened and accommodating religion.. Buddhism may in the future be hijacked also. Perhaps the problems in Siri Lanka and Myanmar are small signs that they have..
If all the main religions in the world were asked to summarise their philosophy/belief/objectives into a tweet size statement each, and these were carved on one large lump of granite, and the lump was parked in a public place such as in front of the UN building (does not matter where really), that may help prevent interpretation creep. We may be surprised to find that they all say the same thing. Such as "..love your neighbour, as yourself" "..relieve all sentient beings from suffering" "aspire to have the 99 supreme attributes of Allah". Naturally they should come up with their own words.. Just a thought..
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brian
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Post by brian on Aug 28, 2013 4:25:31 GMT 1
schnoebi wrote
As Brian said, it is not the compassionate Personal God that is the problem. It is the re-interpretation of that God, usually by minority who take control
I wouldn't even say that a "jealous, punishing, male-dominant, and angry" God is necessarily a re-interpretation or mis-interpretation of the Abrahamic God found in the Bible and Koran. The God in those scriptures is quite plainly described as jealous and quick to anger. I think there is an estimate of 25 million people that God is attributed to killing in the Bible alone. He was a big proponent of mass genocide against so-called sinners. Google "How many people did God kill" and you will see the statistics and verses they come from. One example is killing all the first born sons of Egypt, which seems absurd to say a compassionate God would carry out such a horrible act.
The idea of a personal, compassionate god is a rather new invention, much closer to the image of Jesus rather than his spiteful father. God has always been in need of sacrifice and blood in the Old Testament. Jesus is the ultimate sacrificial lamb. This motif goes way back into pagan beliefs, the slaughtering of bulls, and even the Aztecs who sacrificed virgins and slaves on holy altars.
So to say that God was originally good and was somehow corrupted or misinterpreted is actually false. God was always a domineering force quick to punish and send forth destruction in the event of the slightest doubt to his omnipotence. And of course, ancient politics involving monarchies and such easily used this concept to justify their oppression and control of the peasant population.
So viewing God as a compassionate and benevolent being is actually an offshoot from what the Bible or Koran claims. It is a practice of cherry picking what is good from their scriptures from what is bad. It involves turning a blind eye to the plethora of atrocities that this God has committed and focusing purely on all the niceties and quaint platitudes written in their books.
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Post by schnoebi on Aug 29, 2013 23:14:45 GMT 1
Brian, that is not your normal style of reply.. If I irked you, I apologise, as it was not intended. Strangely, I do not see the other religions the way you do. It is just not my experience. My grandfather used to say "all life's problems come from comparison" and he was a wise and compasionate non-Buddhist.
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matt
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Post by matt on Aug 30, 2013 15:58:57 GMT 1
Brian, that is not your normal style of reply.. If I irked you, I apologise, as it was not intended. Strangely, I do not see the other religions the way you do. It is just not my experience. My grandfather used to say "all life's problems come from comparison" and he was a wise and compasionate non-Buddhist. Actually that is in some ways his "normal" response. I don't think you should take it personally at all. Brian ranted in the most hateful way about other religions for months, if not years on the other forum. We all tried patiently explaining where his thinking was wrong. Then we tried begging him to stop. Then we began demanding he stop doing that. He has obviously made real efforts to improve, but it is a very gradual improvement. I have learned, we just can't talk about other religions here. It is impossible to have any discussion about them, because he will go into a rant that makes all Buddhists look bad. It makes coming here depressing, and so I just avoid the topic all together as much as possible. Brian, once again, you need to not talk or write about other religions. Putting other religions down, arguing with people about religion online and in real life, that is a bad addiction for you. Mandala did a great job pointing out how you get some kind of brain chemistry charge from telling people they are wrong and you are right, but like any addiction, it just leads to dissatisfaction and suffering. I think every time the word God, or Jesus or Bible Or Islam or anything comes up like that you should recite a Buddhist text or a mantra to yourself. Why don't you memorize the hundred syllable mantra, or a good text so you can use it. You create a lot of bad karma, in my opinion, with your opinions about other religions. And we have all told you, they have nothing to do with real Buddhism or Buddhist practice. Actually, Buddha was very very clear. Telling other people their beliefs are wrong and yours are right about religion is a huge mistake. Buddha himself identified it as THE GREAT MISTAKE.
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jeff
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Post by jeff on Aug 30, 2013 20:39:06 GMT 1
Brian, that is not your normal style of reply.. If I irked you, I apologise, as it was not intended. Strangely, I do not see the other religions the way you do. It is just not my experience. My grandfather used to say "all life's problems come from comparison" and he was a wise and compasionate non-Buddhist. Actually that is in some ways his "normal" response. I don't think you should take it personally at all. Brian ranted in the most hateful way about other religions for months, if not years on the other forum. While, that may be true, I didn't have that reaction from reading Brian's post. It made perfect sense to me and I agree with it. He was simply pointing out in this particular post that many religions have used a lot of "creativity" when showing God as the all compassionate creator. He seems to be correctly citing numerous instances when facts asserted by these religions indicate God has acted in very angry, spiteful and jealous ways. You can debate whether a Buddhist would call this "skillful". I wouldn't. This seems like a very legitimate point made in a perfectly acceptable way. Jeff
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Post by Rudy on Aug 30, 2013 21:27:23 GMT 1
OK, I'm finally fed up with Brians posts condemning other religions. I deleted his last post and will now throw him out of the forum. I think we have shown years of patience with him now.
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